Imam Hassan Al-Azhar Sheikh-Attar

Imam Hassan Al-Azhar Sheikh-Attar

Imam Hassan Al-Azhar Sheikh-Attar

They say that the most hours of the night darkest is that before the dawn, and it seems that this theory of natural cosmic, which highlights the relationship between darkness and light match what is living communities in sessions between Alazlam and enlightenment, In the deep darkness of the conflict between the Persians and the Romans, was born the mission Muhammadiyah, and in most stages of the Umayyad dynasty subjugated came the Caliph Omar bin Abdul Aziz, and we have seen in previous episodes that in the darkness of doubt and confusion came Imam Ghazali, in the era of crisis and the threat of the Arab Islamic identity do we have Imam Izz ibn Abdul Salam, and in the darkness of mysticism and confusion came to us Imam Shatby, Today we are offering for biography and the march of a larger-Azhar scholars and the first emitter of the renaissance of science in Egypt, an Imam Hassan Al-Attar Sheikh Al-Azhar and renewed the state and the owner of the literature and explanations of the many that made a dynamic cultural and doctrinal great in his era, a poet slave and Sheikh self-assured, and the fighter who did not care about the ignorance surrounding him did not have suffered his community, he carried the torch of Enlightenment thought and pen, and lead them, was truly a renaissance gars Egypt, Al-Azhar, and the imam of the scholars and work.

Was Imam Hassan Al-Attar cry when he saw the progress the French what he saw in the French campaign: «Our country does not have to change their conditions, and is renewed by the knowledge that is not where», remained this cry hesitate even changed the country and enter the science that is not where, Vtsidt Egypt the surrounding country and become the most important and largest regions of the Islamic world after drinking neglect and weakened by theft and uncle of ignorance during the period of Ottoman rule of Egypt, became his soul longs to the all-new, and became his heart Ahvo to science wherever it was, it was Allah's mercy says, of SMT ambition it to be found oddity on the literature, and works wonders, truths revealed to him many minutes of science, Tensht idea if the sound in Riyadh Alvhom ».. Praised Bastnarth and his knowledge and literature of Islamic knowledge came that he had: He was Attar man enlightened, best known for his knowledge, and was also a poet Natra, and said that loving religion al-Khatib in his book «Azhar»: The Attar versed in the mathematical sciences as well as the forensic science, Arabic, and said that of Rahman Rafii: Sheikh Hassan Al-Attar of Egypt's scientists flags, RPR Baltdila in literature and arts, and progress in modern science, this was rarely between Al-Azhar scholars, and said of him Tahtawi: had a predilection great with other human knowledge, and said that the Mubarak: «It worked taxes Arts and capture the benefits», and the honorable Sheikh Abdalmtaal Saidi, who said: «the position of Sheikh Attar of mathematical sciences form the new evidence on what was characterized by the flexibility of the mental, religious, and that was in this better off than the people of Al-Azhar, who fought against the flag after the name of religion », but of months of his time Aljberty Rahman said it:« Our friend the mark, and understanding of our friend, now solo science wisdom, referred to in the Humanities, and his magnificent construction and systems, which is the flower of spring, Sheikh Hassan Al-Attar ».

Born Imam Al-Attar in the year 1766 ie before the advent of the French campaign on Egypt by about thirty years, and time, Egypt was reeling under the rule of Caliph Ottoman and agents, from the Mamluks, who were often struggling Vtsab markets devastation and plantations Balboar and are filled with houses Balnuah fire, concentrated power and wealth in the hands of a few of the Mamluks and foreigners lived people in the hardship bitter, Dhaafh large import of foreign goods, which hurt the owners of the character and impoverished, and collapsed agriculture and agricultural trade because of the monopoly of the rich to the seller and the food, which have been manipulating what it was worth This has led to the collapse of the market, as has the emergence of the merchant class of foreigners close to the Mamluks to To accelerate the pace and ever continued to the Egyptian market overfill poverty and high prices, oppression and affliction, and perhaps this, which he saw Imam Al-Attar of the decline of culture, industry and science is what has made his revolution does not calm down for the modernization of Egypt and the introduction of science and entered the era of science and modernization, to bring to mind the attention of imams adult science of cosmic and natural as was the case with Imam Ja'far al-Sadiq, who was a professor of Jabir ibn Hayyan founder of the science of chemistry and algebra in the world.

As was the case dire in worldly knowledge was also the case in the religious sciences, and this is monitored world of English in his report to his government at the beginning of the era of Mohamed Ali Pasha, where he says: Education is played by professors of law in the seminaries for the upbringing of Muslim religious scholars of little use, but to fall to a level of its pettiness maximum, Vhz study of the Koranic verses that incite virtues and calls for good morals are very few when compared luck matters of form in the Islam of the study, such as knowing the amount of pollution in water that invalidate ablution!! »The Imam Al-Attar on awareness of the large to the problem, he said in his commentary on the book «collection of mosques in the principles of jurisprudence» One of the hopes of our scientists former find that they were with the firmness of their feet in forensic science they learn a great on other sciences, and books that draw them to book offenders for them in the doctrines and branches, and impressed by that move beyond them to consider in the books is the people of Islam from the Torah and other holy books, Judaism and Christianity, then they are with those evacuated in the education of their tongues foil poems, and then condemns the Imam Al-Attar case, which reached forensic science in his time, saying: «It is considered that The conclusion reached by the case in the time we signed him aware that we (as scientists) of them like the general people of their time »that is, it condemns the scientific state in his time, and condemns the ignorance of scientists and laziness in the investigation and Altfgah so that it equals between scholars of his time and the general public in the preceding ages, and explains Imam Al-Attar reasons This situation, saying that they as scientists: every ordered transport them without inventing anything, we repeat what they said in their books throughout the life-if we ever had a question of theology where we did not find that he has no basis, and we passed this joke literary science the people of falsehood.
While the political and cultural in the Egyptian society in the bottom were also social status, have spread myths and superstition and Rescue Society of the darkness and illusions, and tells Aljberty comedy show it on the society of backwardness and ignorance, its hero is Sheikh Abdul Latif large Khaddam scene Ms. psychic, who found that the people of Egypt in the ignorance hanging took advantage of their ignorance and kindness, and bring the goat from the market and claimed that Ms. emotional speech from the grave and Osth, and said to people that this sheep do not eat except almonds, pistachios, and drink only rose water and sugar, came to him people Baknatir nuts, jars of water roses, and rallied women in the work of necklaces of the goat and Zinoha collars of gold and carried her vows, and when he informed the Governor Abdulrahman Katkhoda this story, brought a goat in the absence of Abdul Latif and then slaughtered and Huaha called Sheikh Abdaheik Latif to lunch and became eat meat goat and Sheikh eat expressing his admiration Belhmha good, Then the Governor told him after he finishes his food and that it Anzath Oboukh on the Tigris and Haozth and ordered to put a goat fur on his head and left him in the streets of Cairo, to Tairh people.

Found Sheikh Attar Egypt in this state, and found Arabic descend steeper is unparalleled, while he was a young child refuses his father to teach him, which was adopted on himself and memorizing the whole Quran, and when he found his father relates to science allowed him to study, if by the end of the curriculum elementary quickly high, and refuses to enter the labor market is determined to complete his studies al-Azhar, and in the Al-Azhar like Arabic loving and studied philology and proficiency and pull him aware of the fundamentals of Islam recited it at length, enabled him to specialize in this science and the formation of important books in it, and while he is a young man of twenty- old is writing a book on the science of grammar, and years later wrote a book last in the rhetoric became apparent the desire overwhelming in the renewal and revolt against the old, also enjoyed too boldly in the approach, instead of stuffing his introduction to traditional highlights the importance of rhetoric religious and doctrinal started it left no verses summarize the What's in the book and display what its doors, and display of the history of rhetoric and the origins and evolution, and in a footnote in 1794 put the book on his teacher Khalid Al Azhar, the cash books may Sheikha was elaborated in the explanation of merit.

It seems that the love of Sheikh of the rebellion on the deteriorating situation is what made it tends always to travel, and although he was Mahbra in his travels first, but its integration in the communities that traveled to and benefit of them confirm that he was always looking for new and held out his curiosity scientific to more absorption, the left-Sheikh Qhardh that I love in the first command after the arrival of the French campaign, and fled with those who fled to the level where controlled Murad your commander Mamluk, who resisted the French occupation, and this ordeal influential largely on the psyche and personality of the Imam, he saw death more than once, either in his journey to conf or in the residence where or in returning them, showing to the scourge of stalking in the travel, as for the plague that kills people when it struck the plague level described it to its owner Abdulrahman Aljberty in the message seriously and put Sheikh historians in his book, and it seems that this message is what made the author insisted upon in coming to Cairo, a trip which also suffered from the threat of damaged The Bedouins and the constant traveling.

That came after Sheikh to Cairo, soldiers found the campaign and its scientists are deployed everywhere, in the beginning and Vahjahm condemn them and wrote poetry in the contempt in which he said:

The Afrencs have been lost in repeated his Drahmanm between a donkey and a head cover
And close to them in the Sham fatal wasting their time limits and ages
The glow their reaction when they destroyed some of the palaces and houses Bmdafhm in the long poems in which he described what was in that failure of the manifestations of good and beauty, but the Sheikh who liked to know about what's new leaders instinct of knowledge for the achievements of French civilization carried by scientists campaign, Vtqrb of them, and know their sciences and endorsed one of them, and commended the study of philosophy and science, which at that differentiate between gun French and knowledge of, and as described by American researcher Peter Gran was Yazdrém the words of b «Afrencs infidels» for some unknown reason decides to Sheikh escape of the French leaving to Turkey and then to Damascus and Palestine It trips that have affected the composition significantly, where he discovered that conflicts intellectual can destroy communities and realized that the intolerance doctrinal and intellectual devastating effects outweigh the effects of occupation, but in these trips have benefited a great deal of science that he had here have also benefited from Shawwam and Turks he translated his Abdel Razek al-Bitar for receiving Damascenes to him: «Vtlqah people including Laq and held on the superiority and uniqueness virtues word agreement», and is defined as a completed different cultures and the most important of logic and philosophy as he read a lot about the heritage of India and mobility intellectual and compare recession is common in Egypt, and studied in Turkey medical science and there wrote a book on anatomy in which he criticized the Muslim world the great Ibn Sina, was grow fonder studied these sciences, emphasizing that they increase human certainty and belief in God and his ability and said with a sigh to his country and the lack of this science «These fields do not Atrgaha to a few people Vinqdhun human ignorance and backwardness », and therefore defended the introduction of medical science to Egypt and when he happened one day to try one of the students that kills the doctor Clute you, in exercise of autopsy in the morgue, School of Medicine Papy Zaabal, stood Imam« Hassan Attar »was then sheikh of Al-Azhar in the exam School of Medicine He said that religion is not incompatible with science is not opposed praised the teaching of medicine and its usefulness to the advancement of humanity.

Back Imam to Egypt in 1815 finds that conditions have changed and the king driven Governor Mohammad Ali, who took it upon himself Renaissance Egypt and progress, an old dream of the Sheikh of the world, Vtqrb Attar him and became one of his advisers, he even took office editor of the Egyptian Gazette spokeswoman for the state, and in the the same time, he returned to teaching-Azhar, and the episode full of students, as scientists have been leaving their lessons and reproduce on the episode to listen to his lessons in the science of theology and language, so told him of the Mubarak said that «Akaber elders were when he sat for the lesson left Halqathm and they have to study it».

Although aware of the great imam and Tbhrh in specialties linguistic and religious, but he did not stop reading foreign books, and taking draws from books translated from Turkish, French, Greek, and even told him «The cost of knowledge and learning is the one who made him an outstanding among his students and a professor, and perhaps the passion for old man science is the one who made Muhammad Ali Iwtherp on than others, which was welcomed by Sheikh who believed in Muhammad Ali best help to achieve his dream of updating Egypt, received the Sheikh for the dream of the establishment of schools of science, medicine and engineering in Egypt, and was an adviser to the Governor on the nomination of the invisible worthy of travel in the missions, and it is thanks to the nomination of his student Tahtawi to travel to France, a mission that had the greatest impact in the history of Egypt and the development of science Al-Azhar, and it seems that Sheikh was a lasting difference with the Al-Azhar scholars traditional, and even though he have not received anything from these differences, but There is a poem to a young poet and supported by mentions will enjoy the following advantages and some of his battle with the Senate, said the poet in his poem:

Science is in the sky full moon to get what finish Bsrar
His knowledge is in the case, which is characterized by denial when news
Is in time-Saad and splendor, which is proud to Egypt by the regions
Another said
He believed Aloqahy perfume Tgrk Vanchy amusingly bent on Attar
Boasts of his time screamed at typhoon and shrouded by Egypt to the regions
Although Sheikh had seen a particular achieved his dream to be in Egypt, schools of Science and Arts, medicine, engineering, and began to see what he had dreamed of the progress and prosperity, but he has not forgotten the Al-Azhar that the Great House, which knows that the beginning of Salah Egypt and advancement, and therefore work hard to impact and develop curricula, easing unit intellectual militancy and fanaticism hateful, and tells him that one of them to his mother when he is old Al-Azhar in his love to listen to the songs and writing poetry Ghazly said to him:

«Of unaffected Briqik poems, recited a tongue tendons, the Htoot rivers, in the shade of trees, that Gulf copyright donkey», also worked to restore to the science curriculum the first that fortifies the world literature and natural sciences side of the religious sciences, because that is a great benefit, but careful not to collide directly with the elders of Al-Azhar Almnggayn, he ordered to his student Mohammed Ayyad Tantawi, that gives lessons in the commentary and comment on the books of poetry and literature, and thanks to this guidance could reform in the Al-Azhar to record the first movement in literary studies and poetry in the courtyard of the mosque long history, as it given credit in the know Azharites the literature different, such as songwriters to Abe Faraj Isfahani, despite the role of Imam Hassan Al-Attar large and they understand the broad has not been given moment so far from the attention of researchers as packed with Library Library composers Sheikh, which reach almost ninety authors, between Science doctrine and theology, grammar, rhetoric, philosophy, medicine, engineering, and between the annotations, articles, poems, and this has been valuable manuscripts which formed the awareness of Renaissance Egypt does not see the real unknown student or reader.